X-Git-Url: https://git.rohieb.name/openwrt.git/blobdiff_plain/a039e7c2954127b266e531891688e4d65da41f65..93e5d63a35f1ae39934b2f3f09009787d56e897e:/docs/wireless.tex diff --git a/docs/wireless.tex b/docs/wireless.tex index e6a81b840..d6a71e28a 100644 --- a/docs/wireless.tex +++ b/docs/wireless.tex @@ -1,8 +1,14 @@ The WiFi settings are configured in the file \texttt{/etc/config/wireless} -(currently supported on Broadcom and Atheros). When booting the router for the first time +(currently supported on Broadcom, Atheros and mac80211). When booting the router for the first time it should detect your card and create a sample configuration file. By default '\texttt{option network lan}' is commented. This prevents unsecured sharing of the network over the wireless interface. +Each wireless driver has its own configuration script in \texttt{/lib/wifi/driver\_name.sh} which handles +driver specific options and configurations. This script is also calling driver specific binaries like wlc for +Broadcom, or hostapd and wpa\_supplicant for atheros. + +The reason for using such architecture, is that it abstracts the driver configuration. + \paragraph{Generic Broadcom wireless config:} \begin{Verbatim} @@ -25,7 +31,7 @@ config wifi-iface config wifi-device "wifi0" option type "atheros" option channel "5" - option mode "11g" + option agmode "11g" config wifi-iface option device "wifi0" @@ -36,7 +42,23 @@ config wifi-iface option encryption "none" \end{Verbatim} -\paragraph{Generic multi-radio Atheros wireless conifg:} +\paragraph{Generic mac80211 wireless config:} + +\begin{Verbatim} +config wifi-device "wifi0" + option type "mac80211" + option channel "5" + +config wifi-iface + option device "wlan0" +# option network lan + option mode "ap" + option ssid "OpenWrt" + option hidden "0" + option encryption "none" +\end{Verbatim} + +\paragraph{Generic multi-radio Atheros wireless config:} \begin{Verbatim} config wifi-device wifi0 @@ -72,17 +94,17 @@ A full outline of the wireless configuration file with description of each field \begin{Verbatim} config wifi-device wifi device name - option type broadcom, atheros + option type broadcom, atheros, mac80211 option country us, uk, fr, de, etc. option channel 1-14 option maxassoc 1-128 (broadcom only) option distance 1-n - option mode 11b, 11g, 11a, 11bg (atheros only) + option agmode 11b, 11g, 11a, 11bg (atheros only) config wifi-iface option network the interface you want wifi to bridge with option device wifi0, wifi1, wifi2, wifiN - option mode ap, sta, adhoc, or wds + option mode ap, sta, adhoc, monitor, or wds option ssid ssid name option bssid bssid address option encryption none, wep, psk, psk2, wpa, wpa2 @@ -118,6 +140,14 @@ config wifi-iface \item \texttt{mode} \\ The frequency band (\texttt{b}, \texttt{g}, \texttt{bg}, \texttt{a}). This feature is only supported on the atheros chipset. + \item \texttt{diversity} \\ + Optional: Enable diversity for the Wi-Fi device. This feature is supported only on the atheros chipset. + + \item \texttt{rxanteanna} \\ + Optional: Antenna identifier (0, 1 or 2) for reception. This feature is supported only on the atheros chipset. + + \item \texttt{txanteanna} \\ + Optional: Antenna identifier (0, 1 or 2) for emission. This feature is supported only on the atheros chipset. \end{itemize} @@ -144,6 +174,9 @@ config wifi-iface \item \texttt{adhoc} \\ Ad-Hoc mode + \item \texttt{monitor} \\ + Monitor mode + \item \texttt{wds} \\ WDS point-to-point link @@ -175,7 +208,7 @@ config wifi-iface The RADIUS server ip address \item \texttt{port} (wpa) \\ - The RADIUS server port + The RADIUS server port (defaults to 1812) \item \texttt{hidden} \\ 0 broadcasts the ssid; 1 disables broadcasting of the ssid @@ -186,6 +219,100 @@ config wifi-iface \end{itemize} +\paragraph{Wireless Distribution System} + +WDS is a non-standard mode which will be working between two Broadcom devices for instance +but not between a Broadcom and Atheros device. + +\subparagraph{Unencrypted WDS connections} + +This configuration example shows you how to setup unencrypted WDS connections. +We assume that the peer configured as below as the BSSID ca:fe:ba:be:00:01 +and the remote WDS endpoint ca:fe:ba:be:00:02 (option bssid field). + +\begin{Verbatim} +config wifi-device "wl0" + option type "broadcom" + option channel "5" + +config wifi-iface + option device "wl0" + option network lan + option mode "ap" + option ssid "OpenWrt" + option hidden "0" + option encryption "none" + +config wifi-iface + option device "wl0" + option network lan + option mode wds + option ssid "OpenWrt WDS" + option bssid "ca:fe:ba:be:00:02" +\end{Verbatim} + +\subparagraph{Encrypted WDS connections} + +It is also possible to encrypt WDS connections. \texttt{psk}, \texttt{psk2} and +\texttt{psk+psk2} modes are supported. Configuration below is an example +configuration using Pre-Shared-Keys with AES algorithm. + +\begin{Verbatim} +config wifi-device wl0 + option type broadcom + option channel 5 + +config wifi-iface + option device "wl0" + option network lan + option mode ap + option ssid "OpenWrt" + option encryption psk2 + option key "" + +config wifi-iface + option device "wl0" + option network lan + option mode wds + option bssid ca:fe:ba:be:00:02 + option ssid "OpenWrt WDS" + option encryption psk2 + option key "" +\end{Verbatim} + +\paragraph{802.1x configurations} + +OpenWrt supports both 802.1x client and Access Point +configurations. 802.1x client is only working with +Atheros or mac80211 drivers. Configuration only +supports EAP types TLS, TTLS or PEAP. + +\subparagraph{EAP-TLS} + +\begin{Verbatim} +config wifi-iface + option device "ath0" + option network lan + option ssid OpenWrt + option eap_type tls + option ca_cert "/etc/config/certs/ca.crt" + option priv_key "/etc/config/certs/priv.crt" + option priv_key_pwd "PKCS#12 passphrase" +\end{Verbatim} + +\subparagraph{EAP-PEAP} + +\begin{Verbatim} +config wifi-iface + option device "ath0" + option network lan + option ssid OpenWrt + option eap_type peap + option ca_cert "/etc/config/certs/ca.crt" + option auth MSCHAPV2 + option identity username + option password password +\end{Verbatim} \paragraph{Limitations:} @@ -198,6 +325,7 @@ Only the following mode combinations are supported: \item 1x \texttt{sta}, 0-3x \texttt{ap} \item 1-4x \texttt{ap} \item 1x \texttt{adhoc} + \item 1x \texttt{monitor} \end{itemize} WDS links can only be used in pure AP mode and cannot use WEP (except when sharing the @@ -205,8 +333,111 @@ Only the following mode combinations are supported: \item \textbf{Atheros}: \\ \begin{itemize} - \item 1x \texttt{sta}, 0-4x \texttt{ap} - \item 1-4x \texttt{ap} + \item 1x \texttt{sta}, 0-Nx \texttt{ap} + \item 1-Nx \texttt{ap} \item 1x \texttt{adhoc} \end{itemize} + + N is the maximum number of VAPs that the module allows, it defaults to 4, but can be + changed by loading the module with the maxvaps=N parameter. \end{itemize} + +\paragraph{Adding a new driver configuration} + +Since we currently only support thread different wireless drivers : Broadcom, Atheros and mac80211, +you might be interested in adding support for another driver like Ralink RT2x00, +Texas Instruments ACX100/111. + +The driver specific script should be placed in \texttt{/lib/wifi/.sh} and has to +include several functions providing : + +\begin{itemize} + \item detection of the driver presence + \item enabling/disabling the wifi interface(s) + \item configuration reading and setting + \item third-party programs calling (nas, supplicant) +\end{itemize} + +Each driver script should append the driver to a global DRIVERS variable : + +\begin{Verbatim} +append DRIVERS "driver name" +\end{Verbatim} + +\subparagraph{\texttt{scan\_}} + +This function will parse the \texttt{/etc/config/wireless} and make sure there +are no configuration incompatibilities, like enabling hidden SSIDS with ad-hoc mode +for instance. This can be more complex if your driver supports a lof of configuration +options. It does not change the state of the interface. + +Example: +\begin{Verbatim} +scan_dummy() { + local device="$1" + + config_get vifs "$device" vifs + for vif in $vifs; do + # check config consistency for wifi-iface sections + done + # check mode combination +} +\end{Verbatim} + +\subparagraph{\texttt{enable\_}} + +This function will bring up the wifi device and optionally create application specific +configuration files, e.g. for the WPA authenticator or supplicant. + +Example: +\begin{Verbatim} +enable_dummy() { + local device="$1" + + config_get vifs "$device" vifs + for vif in $vifs; do + # bring up virtual interface belonging to + # the wifi-device "$device" + done +} +\end{Verbatim} + +\subparagraph{\texttt{disable\_}} + +This function will bring down the wifi device and all its virtual interfaces (if supported). + +Example: +\begin{Verbatim} +disable_dummy() { + local device="$1" + + # bring down virtual interfaces belonging to + # "$device" regardless of whether they are + # configured or not. Don't rely on the vifs + # variable at this point +} +\end{Verbatim} + +\subparagraph{\texttt{detect\_}} + +This function looks for interfaces that are usable with the driver. Template config sections +for new devices should be written to stdout. Must check for already existing config sections +belonging to the interfaces before creating new templates. + +Example: +\begin{Verbatim} +detect_dummy() { + [ wifi-device = "$(config_get dummydev type)" ] && return 0 + cat <