package/mtd/mtd.c

   1 /*
   2  * mtd - simple memory technology device manipulation tool
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 2005 Waldemar Brodkorb <wbx@dass-it.de>,
   5  *                        Felix Fietkau <nbd@openwrt.org>
   6  *
   7  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   8  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
   9  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
  10  * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
  11  *
  12  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  13  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  14  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  15  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  16  *
  17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  18  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  19  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
  20  *
  21  * $Id$
  22  *
  23  * The code is based on the linux-mtd examples.
  24  */
  25
  26 #include <limits.h>
  27 #include <unistd.h>
  28 #include <stdlib.h>
  29 #include <stdio.h>
  30 #include <stdint.h>
  31 #include <fcntl.h>
  32 #include <errno.h>
  33 #include <error.h>
  34 #include <time.h>
  35 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  36 #include <sys/types.h>
  37 #include <sys/param.h>
  38 #include <sys/mount.h>
  39 #include <sys/stat.h>
  40 #include <sys/reboot.h>
  41 #include <string.h>
  42
  43 #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
  44
  45 #define TRX_MAGIC       0x30524448      /* "HDR0" */
  46 #define BUFSIZE (16 * 1024)
  47 #define MAX_ARGS 8
  48
  49 #define DEBUG
  50
  51 struct trx_header {
  52         uint32_t magic;         /* "HDR0" */
  53         uint32_t len;           /* Length of file including header */
  54         uint32_t crc32;         /* 32-bit CRC from flag_version to end of file */
  55         uint32_t flag_version;  /* 0:15 flags, 16:31 version */
  56         uint32_t offsets[3];    /* Offsets of partitions from start of header */
  57 };
  58
  59 char buf[BUFSIZE];
  60 int buflen;
  61
  62 int
  63 trx_check(int imagefd, const char *mtd)
  64 {
  65         struct mtd_info_user mtdInfo;
  66         int fd;
  67         size_t count;
  68         struct trx_header *trx = (struct trx_header *) buf;
  69         struct stat trxstat;
  70
  71         buflen = read(imagefd, buf, sizeof(struct trx_header));
  72         if (buflen < sizeof(struct trx_header)) {
  73                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not get trx header, file too small (%ld bytes)\n", buflen);
  74                 return 0;
  75         }
  76
  77         if (trx->magic != TRX_MAGIC || trx->len < sizeof(struct trx_header)) {
  78                 fprintf(stderr, "Bad trx header\n");
  79                 fprintf(stderr, "If this is a firmware in bin format, like some of the\n"
  80                                 "original firmware files are, use following command to convert to trx:\n"
  81                                 "dd if=firmware.bin of=firmware.trx bs=32 skip=1\n");
  82                 return 0;
  83         }
  84
  85         /* check if image fits to mtd device */
  86         fd = mtd_open(mtd, O_RDWR);
  87         if(fd < 0) {
  88                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
  89                 exit(1);
  90         }
  91
  92         if(ioctl(fd, MEMGETINFO, &mtdInfo)) {
  93                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not get MTD device info from %s\n", mtd);
  94                 exit(1);
  95         }
  96
  97         if(mtdInfo.size < trx->len) {
  98                 fprintf(stderr, "Image too big for partition: %s\n", mtd);
  99                 close(fd);
 100                 return 0;
 101         }
 102
 103         return 1;
 104 }
 105
 106 int mtd_check(char *mtd)
 107 {
 108         struct mtd_info_user mtdInfo;
 109         int fd;
 110
 111         fd = mtd_open(mtd, O_RDWR);
 112         if(fd < 0) {
 113                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
 114                 return 0;
 115         }
 116
 117         if(ioctl(fd, MEMGETINFO, &mtdInfo)) {
 118                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not get MTD device info from %s\n", mtd);
 119                 close(fd);
 120                 return 0;
 121         }
 122
 123         close(fd);
 124         return 1;
 125 }
 126
 127 int
 128 mtd_unlock(const char *mtd)
 129 {
 130         int fd;
 131         struct mtd_info_user mtdInfo;
 132         struct erase_info_user mtdLockInfo;
 133
 134         fd = mtd_open(mtd, O_RDWR);
 135         if(fd < 0) {
 136                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
 137                 exit(1);
 138         }
 139
 140         if(ioctl(fd, MEMGETINFO, &mtdInfo)) {
 141                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not get MTD device info from %s\n", mtd);
 142                 close(fd);
 143                 exit(1);
 144         }
 145
 146         fprintf(stderr, "Unlocking %s ...\n", mtd);
 147         mtdLockInfo.start = 0;
 148         mtdLockInfo.length = mtdInfo.size;
 149         if(ioctl(fd, MEMUNLOCK, &mtdLockInfo)) {
 150                 close(fd);
 151                 return 0;
 152         }
 153
 154         close(fd);
 155         return 0;
 156 }
 157
 158 int
 159 mtd_open(const char *mtd, int flags)
 160 {
 161         FILE *fp;
 162         char dev[PATH_MAX];
 163         int i;
 164
 165         if ((fp = fopen("/proc/mtd", "r"))) {
 166                 while (fgets(dev, sizeof(dev), fp)) {
 167                         if (sscanf(dev, "mtd%d:", &i) && strstr(dev, mtd)) {
 168                                 snprintf(dev, sizeof(dev), "/dev/mtd/%d", i);
 169                                 fclose(fp);
 170                                 return open(dev, flags);
 171                         }
 172                 }
 173                 fclose(fp);
 174         }
 175
 176         return open(mtd, flags);
 177 }
 178
 179 int
 180 mtd_erase(const char *mtd)
 181 {
 182         int fd;
 183         struct mtd_info_user mtdInfo;
 184         struct erase_info_user mtdEraseInfo;
 185
 186         fd = mtd_open(mtd, O_RDWR);
 187         if(fd < 0) {
 188                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
 189                 exit(1);
 190         }
 191
 192         if(ioctl(fd, MEMGETINFO, &mtdInfo)) {
 193                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not get MTD device info from %s\n", mtd);
 194                 close(fd);
 195                 exit(1);
 196         }
 197
 198         fprintf(stderr, "Erasing %s ...\n", mtd);
 199         mtdEraseInfo.length = mtdInfo.erasesize;
 200
 201         for (mtdEraseInfo.start = 0;
 202                  mtdEraseInfo.start < mtdInfo.size;
 203                  mtdEraseInfo.start += mtdInfo.erasesize) {
 204
 205                 ioctl(fd, MEMUNLOCK, &mtdEraseInfo);
 206                 if(ioctl(fd, MEMERASE, &mtdEraseInfo)) {
 207                         fprintf(stderr, "Could not erase MTD device: %s\n", mtd);
 208                         close(fd);
 209                         exit(1);
 210                 }
 211         }
 212
 213         close(fd);
 214         return 0;
 215
 216 }
 217
 218 int
 219 mtd_write(int imagefd, const char *mtd)
 220 {
 221         int fd, i, result;
 222         size_t r, w, e;
 223         struct mtd_info_user mtdInfo;
 224         struct erase_info_user mtdEraseInfo;
 225
 226         fd = mtd_open(mtd, O_RDWR);
 227         if(fd < 0) {
 228                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
 229                 exit(1);
 230         }
 231
 232         if(ioctl(fd, MEMGETINFO, &mtdInfo)) {
 233                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not get MTD device info from %s\n", mtd);
 234                 close(fd);
 235                 exit(1);
 236         }
 237
 238         r = w = e = 0;
 239         fprintf(stderr, " [ ]");
 240
 241         for (;;) {
 242                 /* buffer may contain data already (from trx check) */
 243                 r = buflen;
 244                 r += read(imagefd, buf + buflen, BUFSIZE - buflen);
 245                 w += r;
 246
 247                 /* EOF */
 248                 if (r <= 0) break;
 249
 250                 /* need to erase the next block before writing data to it */
 251                 while (w > e) {
 252                         mtdEraseInfo.start = e;
 253                         mtdEraseInfo.length = mtdInfo.erasesize;
 254
 255                         fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b[e]");
 256                         /* erase the chunk */
 257                         if (ioctl (fd,MEMERASE,&mtdEraseInfo) < 0) {
 258                                 fprintf(stderr, "Erasing mtd failed: %s\n", mtd);
 259                                 exit(1);
 260                         }
 261                         e += mtdInfo.erasesize;
 262                 }
 263
 264                 fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b[w]");
 265
 266                 if ((result = write(fd, buf, r)) < r) {
 267                         if (result < 0) {
 268                                 fprintf(stderr, "Error writing image.\n");
 269                                 exit(1);
 270                         } else {
 271                                 fprintf(stderr, "Insufficient space.\n");
 272                                 exit(1);
 273                         }
 274                 }
 275
 276                 buflen = 0;
 277         }
 278         fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b\b");
 279
 280         return 0;
 281 }
 282
 283 void usage(void)
 284 {
 285         fprintf(stderr, "Usage: mtd [<options> ...] <command> [<arguments> ...] <device>\n\n"
 286         "The device is in the format of mtdX (eg: mtd4) or its label.\n"
 287         "mtd recognizes these commands:\n"
 288         "        unlock                  unlock the device\n"
 289         "        erase                   erase all data on device\n"
 290         "        write <imagefile>|-     write <imagefile> (use - for stdin) to device\n"
 291         "Following options are available:\n"
 292         "        -r                      reboot after successful command\n"
 293         "        -f                      force write without trx checks\n"
 294         "        -e <device>             erase <device> before executing the command\n\n"
 295         "Example: To write linux.trx to mtd4 labeled as linux and reboot afterwards\n"
 296         "         mtd -r write linux.trx linux\n\n");
 297         exit(1);
 298 }
 299
 300 int main (int argc, char **argv)
 301 {
 302         int ch, i, boot, unlock, imagefd, force;
 303         char *erase[MAX_ARGS], *device, *imagefile;
 304         enum {
 305                 CMD_ERASE,
 306                 CMD_WRITE,
 307                 CMD_UNLOCK
 308         } cmd;
 309
 310         erase[0] = NULL;
 311         boot = 0;
 312         force = 0;
 313         buflen = 0;
 314
 315         while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "fre:")) != -1)
 316                 switch (ch) {
 317                         case 'f':
 318                                 force = 1;
 319                                 break;
 320                         case 'r':
 321                                 boot = 1;
 322                                 break;
 323                         case 'e':
 324                                 i = 0;
 325                                 while ((erase[i] != NULL) && ((i + 1) < MAX_ARGS))
 326                                         i++;
 327
 328                                 erase[i++] = optarg;
 329                                 erase[i] = NULL;
 330                                 break;
 331
 332                         case '?':
 333                         default:
 334                                 usage();
 335                 }
 336         argc -= optind;
 337         argv += optind;
 338
 339         if (argc < 2)
 340                 usage();
 341
 342         if ((strcmp(argv[0], "unlock") == 0) && (argc == 2)) {
 343                 cmd = CMD_UNLOCK;
 344                 device = argv[1];
 345         } else if ((strcmp(argv[0], "erase") == 0) && (argc == 2)) {
 346                 cmd = CMD_ERASE;
 347                 device = argv[1];
 348         } else if ((strcmp(argv[0], "write") == 0) && (argc == 3)) {
 349                 cmd = CMD_WRITE;
 350                 device = argv[2];
 351
 352                 if (strcmp(argv[1], "-") == 0) {
 353                         imagefile = "<stdin>";
 354                         imagefd = 0;
 355                 } else {
 356                         imagefile = argv[1];
 357                         if ((imagefd = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
 358                                 fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't open image file: %s!\n", imagefile);
 359                                 exit(1);
 360                         }
 361                 }
 362
 363                 if (system("grep Broadcom /proc/cpuinfo >&- >&-") == 0) {
 364                         /* check trx file before erasing or writing anything */
 365                         if (!trx_check(imagefd, device)) {
 366                                 fprintf(stderr, "TRX check failed!\n");
 367                                 if (!force)
 368                                         exit(1);
 369                         }
 370                 } else {
 371                         if (!mtd_check(device)) {
 372                                 fprintf(stderr, "Can't open device for writing!\n");
 373                                 exit(1);
 374                         }
 375                 }
 376         } else {
 377                 usage();
 378         }
 379
 380         sync();
 381
 382         i = 0;
 383         while (erase[i] != NULL) {
 384                 mtd_unlock(erase[i]);
 385                 mtd_erase(erase[i]);
 386                 i++;
 387         }
 388
 389         mtd_unlock(device);
 390
 391         switch (cmd) {
 392                 case CMD_UNLOCK:
 393                         break;
 394                 case CMD_ERASE:
 395                         mtd_erase(device);
 396                         break;
 397                 case CMD_WRITE:
 398                         fprintf(stderr, "Writing from %s to %s ... ", imagefile, device);
 399                         mtd_write(imagefd, device);
 400                         fprintf(stderr, "\n");
 401                         break;
 402         }
 403
 404         if (boot)
 405                 kill(1, 15); // send SIGTERM to init for reboot
 406
 407         return 0;
 408 }