package/mtd/src/mtd.c

   1 /*
   2  * mtd - simple memory technology device manipulation tool
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 2005 Waldemar Brodkorb <wbx@dass-it.de>,
   5  *                        Felix Fietkau <nbd@openwrt.org>
   6  *
   7  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   8  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
   9  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
  10  * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
  11  *
  12  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  13  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  14  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  15  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  16  *
  17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  18  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  19  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
  20  *
  21  * $Id$
  22  *
  23  * The code is based on the linux-mtd examples.
  24  */
  25
  26 #include <limits.h>
  27 #include <unistd.h>
  28 #include <stdlib.h>
  29 #include <stdio.h>
  30 #include <stdint.h>
  31 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  32 #include <sys/syscall.h>
  33 #include <fcntl.h>
  34 #include <errno.h>
  35 #include <error.h>
  36 #include <time.h>
  37 #include <string.h>
  38 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  39 #include <sys/types.h>
  40 #include <sys/param.h>
  41 #include <sys/mount.h>
  42 #include <sys/stat.h>
  43 #include <sys/reboot.h>
  44 #include <linux/reboot.h>
  45
  46 #include "mtd.h"
  47
  48 #define TRX_MAGIC       0x30524448      /* "HDR0" */
  49 #define BUFSIZE (16 * 1024)
  50 #define MAX_ARGS 8
  51
  52 #define DEBUG
  53
  54 #define SYSTYPE_UNKNOWN     0
  55 #define SYSTYPE_BROADCOM    1
  56 /* to be continued */
  57
  58 struct trx_header {
  59         uint32_t magic;         /* "HDR0" */
  60         uint32_t len;           /* Length of file including header */
  61         uint32_t crc32;         /* 32-bit CRC from flag_version to end of file */
  62         uint32_t flag_version;  /* 0:15 flags, 16:31 version */
  63         uint32_t offsets[3];    /* Offsets of partitions from start of header */
  64 };
  65
  66 char buf[BUFSIZE];
  67 int buflen;
  68 int quiet;
  69
  70 #ifdef target_brcm
  71 int
  72 image_check_brcm(int imagefd, const char *mtd)
  73 {
  74         struct trx_header *trx = (struct trx_header *) buf;
  75         struct mtd_info_user mtdInfo;
  76         int fd;
  77
  78         if (strcmp(mtd, "linux") != 0)
  79                 return 1;
  80
  81         buflen = read(imagefd, buf, 32);
  82         if (buflen < 32) {
  83                 fprintf(stdout, "Could not get image header, file too small (%ld bytes)\n", buflen);
  84                 return 0;
  85         }
  86
  87         if (trx->magic != TRX_MAGIC || trx->len < sizeof(struct trx_header)) {
  88                 if (quiet < 2) {
  89                         fprintf(stderr, "Bad trx header\n");
  90                         fprintf(stderr, "This is not the correct file format; refusing to flash.\n"
  91                                         "Please specify the correct file or use -f to force.\n");
  92                 }
  93                 return 0;
  94         }
  95
  96         /* check if image fits to mtd device */
  97         fd = mtd_open(mtd, O_RDWR | O_SYNC);
  98         if(fd < 0) {
  99                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
 100                 exit(1);
 101         }
 102
 103         if(ioctl(fd, MEMGETINFO, &mtdInfo)) {
 104                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not get MTD device info from %s\n", mtd);
 105                 exit(1);
 106         }
 107
 108         if(mtdInfo.size < trx->len) {
 109                 fprintf(stderr, "Image too big for partition: %s\n", mtd);
 110                 close(fd);
 111                 return 0;
 112         }
 113
 114         close(fd);
 115         return 1;
 116 }
 117 #endif /* target_brcm */
 118
 119 int
 120 image_check(int imagefd, const char *mtd)
 121 {
 122         int fd, systype;
 123         size_t count;
 124         char *c;
 125         FILE *f;
 126
 127 #ifdef target_brcm
 128         return image_check_brcm(imagefd, mtd);
 129 #endif
 130 }
 131
 132 int mtd_check(char *mtd)
 133 {
 134         struct mtd_info_user mtdInfo;
 135         int fd;
 136
 137         fd = mtd_open(mtd, O_RDWR | O_SYNC);
 138         if(fd < 0) {
 139                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
 140                 return 0;
 141         }
 142
 143         if(ioctl(fd, MEMGETINFO, &mtdInfo)) {
 144                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not get MTD device info from %s\n", mtd);
 145                 close(fd);
 146                 return 0;
 147         }
 148
 149         close(fd);
 150         return 1;
 151 }
 152
 153 int
 154 mtd_unlock(const char *mtd)
 155 {
 156         int fd;
 157         struct mtd_info_user mtdInfo;
 158         struct erase_info_user mtdLockInfo;
 159
 160         fd = mtd_open(mtd, O_RDWR | O_SYNC);
 161         if(fd < 0) {
 162                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
 163                 exit(1);
 164         }
 165
 166         if(ioctl(fd, MEMGETINFO, &mtdInfo)) {
 167                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not get MTD device info from %s\n", mtd);
 168                 close(fd);
 169                 exit(1);
 170         }
 171
 172         mtdLockInfo.start = 0;
 173         mtdLockInfo.length = mtdInfo.size;
 174         if(ioctl(fd, MEMUNLOCK, &mtdLockInfo)) {
 175                 close(fd);
 176                 return 0;
 177         }
 178
 179         close(fd);
 180         return 0;
 181 }
 182
 183 int
 184 mtd_open(const char *mtd, int flags)
 185 {
 186         FILE *fp;
 187         char dev[PATH_MAX];
 188         int i;
 189         int ret;
 190
 191         if ((fp = fopen("/proc/mtd", "r"))) {
 192                 while (fgets(dev, sizeof(dev), fp)) {
 193                         if (sscanf(dev, "mtd%d:", &i) && strstr(dev, mtd)) {
 194                                 snprintf(dev, sizeof(dev), "/dev/mtd/%d", i);
 195                                 if ((ret=open(dev, flags))<0) {
 196                                         snprintf(dev, sizeof(dev), "/dev/mtd%d", i);
 197                                         ret=open(dev, flags);
 198                                 }
 199                                 fclose(fp);
 200                                 return ret;
 201                         }
 202                 }
 203                 fclose(fp);
 204         }
 205
 206         return open(mtd, flags);
 207 }
 208
 209 int
 210 mtd_erase(const char *mtd)
 211 {
 212         int fd;
 213         struct mtd_info_user mtdInfo;
 214         struct erase_info_user mtdEraseInfo;
 215
 216         fd = mtd_open(mtd, O_RDWR | O_SYNC);
 217         if(fd < 0) {
 218                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
 219                 exit(1);
 220         }
 221
 222         if(ioctl(fd, MEMGETINFO, &mtdInfo)) {
 223                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not get MTD device info from %s\n", mtd);
 224                 close(fd);
 225                 exit(1);
 226         }
 227
 228         mtdEraseInfo.length = mtdInfo.erasesize;
 229
 230         for (mtdEraseInfo.start = 0;
 231                  mtdEraseInfo.start < mtdInfo.size;
 232                  mtdEraseInfo.start += mtdInfo.erasesize) {
 233
 234                 ioctl(fd, MEMUNLOCK, &mtdEraseInfo);
 235                 if(ioctl(fd, MEMERASE, &mtdEraseInfo))
 236                         fprintf(stderr, "Failed to erase block on %s at 0x%x\n", mtd, mtdEraseInfo.start);
 237         }
 238
 239         close(fd);
 240         return 0;
 241
 242 }
 243
 244 int
 245 mtd_write(int imagefd, const char *mtd)
 246 {
 247         int fd, i, result;
 248         size_t r, w, e;
 249         struct mtd_info_user mtdInfo;
 250         struct erase_info_user mtdEraseInfo;
 251         int ret = 0;
 252
 253         fd = mtd_open(mtd, O_RDWR | O_SYNC);
 254         if(fd < 0) {
 255                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
 256                 exit(1);
 257         }
 258
 259         if(ioctl(fd, MEMGETINFO, &mtdInfo)) {
 260                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not get MTD device info from %s\n", mtd);
 261                 close(fd);
 262                 exit(1);
 263         }
 264
 265         r = w = e = 0;
 266         if (!quiet)
 267                 fprintf(stderr, " [ ]");
 268
 269         for (;;) {
 270                 /* buffer may contain data already (from trx check) */
 271                 r = buflen;
 272                 r += read(imagefd, buf + buflen, BUFSIZE - buflen);
 273                 w += r;
 274
 275                 /* EOF */
 276                 if (r <= 0) break;
 277
 278                 /* need to erase the next block before writing data to it */
 279                 while (w > e) {
 280                         mtdEraseInfo.start = e;
 281                         mtdEraseInfo.length = mtdInfo.erasesize;
 282
 283                         if (!quiet)
 284                                 fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b[e]");
 285                         /* erase the chunk */
 286                         if (ioctl (fd,MEMERASE,&mtdEraseInfo) < 0) {
 287                                 fprintf(stderr, "Erasing mtd failed: %s\n", mtd);
 288                                 exit(1);
 289                         }
 290                         e += mtdInfo.erasesize;
 291                 }
 292
 293                 if (!quiet)
 294                         fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b[w]");
 295
 296                 if ((result = write(fd, buf, r)) < r) {
 297                         if (result < 0) {
 298                                 fprintf(stderr, "Error writing image.\n");
 299                                 exit(1);
 300                         } else {
 301                                 fprintf(stderr, "Insufficient space.\n");
 302                                 exit(1);
 303                         }
 304                 }
 305
 306                 buflen = 0;
 307         }
 308         if (!quiet)
 309                 fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b\b");
 310
 311         close(fd);
 312         return 0;
 313 }
 314
 315 void usage(void)
 316 {
 317         fprintf(stderr, "Usage: mtd [<options> ...] <command> [<arguments> ...] <device>\n\n"
 318         "The device is in the format of mtdX (eg: mtd4) or its label.\n"
 319         "mtd recognizes these commands:\n"
 320         "        unlock                  unlock the device\n"
 321         "        erase                   erase all data on device\n"
 322         "        write <imagefile>|-     write <imagefile> (use - for stdin) to device\n"
 323         "Following options are available:\n"
 324         "        -q                      quiet mode (once: no [w] on writing,\n"
 325         "                                           twice: no status messages)\n"
 326         "        -r                      reboot after successful command\n"
 327         "        -f                      force write without trx checks\n"
 328         "        -e <device>             erase <device> before executing the command\n\n"
 329         "Example: To write linux.trx to mtd4 labeled as linux and reboot afterwards\n"
 330         "         mtd -r write linux.trx linux\n\n");
 331         exit(1);
 332 }
 333
 334 int main (int argc, char **argv)
 335 {
 336         int ch, i, boot, unlock, imagefd, force, unlocked;
 337         char *erase[MAX_ARGS], *device, *imagefile;
 338         enum {
 339                 CMD_ERASE,
 340                 CMD_WRITE,
 341                 CMD_UNLOCK
 342         } cmd;
 343
 344         erase[0] = NULL;
 345         boot = 0;
 346         force = 0;
 347         buflen = 0;
 348         quiet = 0;
 349
 350         while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "frqe:")) != -1)
 351                 switch (ch) {
 352                         case 'f':
 353                                 force = 1;
 354                                 break;
 355                         case 'r':
 356                                 boot = 1;
 357                                 break;
 358                         case 'q':
 359                                 quiet++;
 360                                 break;
 361                         case 'e':
 362                                 i = 0;
 363                                 while ((erase[i] != NULL) && ((i + 1) < MAX_ARGS))
 364                                         i++;
 365
 366                                 erase[i++] = optarg;
 367                                 erase[i] = NULL;
 368                                 break;
 369
 370                         case '?':
 371                         default:
 372                                 usage();
 373                 }
 374         argc -= optind;
 375         argv += optind;
 376
 377         if (argc < 2)
 378                 usage();
 379
 380         if ((strcmp(argv[0], "unlock") == 0) && (argc == 2)) {
 381                 cmd = CMD_UNLOCK;
 382                 device = argv[1];
 383         } else if ((strcmp(argv[0], "erase") == 0) && (argc == 2)) {
 384                 cmd = CMD_ERASE;
 385                 device = argv[1];
 386         } else if ((strcmp(argv[0], "write") == 0) && (argc == 3)) {
 387                 cmd = CMD_WRITE;
 388                 device = argv[2];
 389
 390                 if (strcmp(argv[1], "-") == 0) {
 391                         imagefile = "<stdin>";
 392                         imagefd = 0;
 393                 } else {
 394                         imagefile = argv[1];
 395                         if ((imagefd = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
 396                                 fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't open image file: %s!\n", imagefile);
 397                                 exit(1);
 398                         }
 399                 }
 400
 401                 /* check trx file before erasing or writing anything */
 402                 if (!image_check(imagefd, device)) {
 403                         if (!force) {
 404                                 fprintf(stderr, "Image check failed.\n");
 405                                 exit(1);
 406                         }
 407                 } else {
 408                         if (!mtd_check(device)) {
 409                                 fprintf(stderr, "Can't open device for writing!\n");
 410                                 exit(1);
 411                         }
 412                 }
 413         } else {
 414                 usage();
 415         }
 416
 417         sync();
 418
 419         i = 0;
 420         unlocked = 0;
 421         while (erase[i] != NULL) {
 422                 if (quiet < 2)
 423                         fprintf(stderr, "Unlocking %s ...\n", erase[i]);
 424                 mtd_unlock(erase[i]);
 425                 if (quiet < 2)
 426                         fprintf(stderr, "Erasing %s ...\n", erase[i]);
 427                 mtd_erase(erase[i]);
 428                 if (strcmp(erase[i], device) == 0)
 429                         unlocked = 1;
 430                 i++;
 431         }
 432
 433         if (!unlocked) {
 434                 if (quiet < 2)
 435                         fprintf(stderr, "Unlocking %s ...\n", device);
 436                 mtd_unlock(device);
 437         }
 438
 439         switch (cmd) {
 440                 case CMD_UNLOCK:
 441                         break;
 442                 case CMD_ERASE:
 443                         if (quiet < 2)
 444                                 fprintf(stderr, "Erasing %s ...\n", device);
 445                         mtd_erase(device);
 446                         break;
 447                 case CMD_WRITE:
 448                         if (quiet < 2)
 449                                 fprintf(stderr, "Writing from %s to %s ... ", imagefile, device);
 450                         mtd_write(imagefd, device);
 451                         if (quiet < 2)
 452                                 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
 453                         break;
 454         }
 455
 456         sync();
 457
 458         if (boot) {
 459                 fflush(stdout);
 460                 syscall(SYS_reboot,LINUX_REBOOT_MAGIC1,LINUX_REBOOT_MAGIC2,LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_RESTART,NULL);
 461         }
 462         return 0;
 463 }