docs/network.tex

   1 The network configuration is stored in \texttt{/etc/config/network}
   2 and is divided into interface configurations.
   3 Each interface configuration either refers directly to an ethernet/wifi
   4 interface (\texttt{eth0}, \texttt{wl0}, ..) or to a bridge containing multiple interfaces.
   5 It looks like this:
   6
   7 \begin{Verbatim}
   8 config interface     "lan"
   9     option ifname    "eth0"
  10     option proto     "static"
  11     option ipaddr    "192.168.1.1"
  12     option netmask   "255.255.255.0"
  13     option gateway   "192.168.1.254"
  14     option dns       "192.168.1.254"
  15 \end{Verbatim}
  16
  17 \texttt{ifname} specifies the Linux interface name.
  18 If you want to use bridging on one or more interfaces, set \texttt{ifname} to a list
  19 of interfaces and add:
  20 \begin{Verbatim}
  21     option type     "bridge"
  22 \end{Verbatim}
  23
  24 It is possible to use VLAN tagging on an interface simply by adding the VLAN IDs
  25 to it, e.g. \texttt{eth0.1}. These can be nested as well. See the switch section for
  26 this.
  27
  28 \begin{Verbatim}
  29 config inter
  30 \end{Verbatim}
  31
  32 This sets up a simple static configuration for \texttt{eth0}. \texttt{proto} specifies the
  33 protocol used for the interface. The default image usually provides \texttt{'none'}
  34 \texttt{'static'}, \texttt{'dhcp'} and \texttt{'pppoe'}. Others can be added by installing additional
  35 packages.
  36
  37 When using the \texttt{'static'} method like in the example, the  options \texttt{ipaddr} and
  38 \texttt{netmask} are mandatory, while \texttt{gateway} and \texttt{dns} are optional.
  39 You can specify more than one DNS server, separated with spaces:
  40
  41 \begin{Verbatim}
  42 config interface     "lan"
  43     option ifname    "eth0"
  44     option proto     "static"
  45     ...
  46     option dns       "192.168.1.254 192.168.1.253" (optional)
  47 \end{Verbatim}
  48
  49 DHCP currently only accepts \texttt{ipaddr} (IP address to request from the server)
  50 and \texttt{hostname} (client hostname identify as) - both are optional.
  51
  52 \begin{Verbatim}
  53 config interface     "lan"
  54     option ifname    "eth0"
  55     option proto     "dhcp"
  56     option ipaddr    "192.168.1.1" (optional)
  57     option hostname  "openwrt"  (optional)
  58 \end{Verbatim}
  59
  60 PPP based protocols (\texttt{pppoe}, \texttt{pptp}, ...) accept these options:
  61 \begin{itemize}
  62     \item{username} \\
  63         The PPP username (usually with PAP authentication)
  64     \item{password} \\
  65         The PPP password
  66     \item{keepalive} \\
  67         Ping the PPP server (using LCP). The value of this option
  68         specifies the maximum number of failed pings before reconnecting.
  69         The ping interval defaults to 5, but can be changed by appending
  70         ",<interval>" to the keepalive value
  71     \item{demand} \\
  72         Use Dial on Demand (value specifies the maximum idle time.
  73
  74     \item{server: (pptp)} \\
  75         The remote pptp server IP
  76 \end{itemize}
  77
  78 For all protocol types, you can also specify the MTU by using the \texttt{mtu} option.
  79 A sample PPPoE config would look like this:
  80
  81 \begin{Verbatim}
  82 config interface     "lan"
  83     option ifname    "eth0"
  84     option proto     "pppoe"
  85     option username  "username"
  86     option password  "openwrt"
  87     option mtu       1492 (optional)
  88 \end{Verbatim}
  89
  90 \subsubsection{Setting up static routes}
  91
  92 You can set up static routes for a specific interface that will be brought up
  93 after the interface is configured.
  94
  95 Simply add a config section like this:
  96
  97 \begin{Verbatim}
  98 config route foo
  99         option interface lan
 100         option target 1.1.1.0
 101         option netmask 255.255.255.0
 102         option gateway 192.168.1.1
 103 \end{Verbatim}
 104
 105 The name for the route section is optional, the \texttt{interface}, \texttt{target} and
 106 \texttt{gateway} options are mandatory.
 107 Leaving out the \texttt{netmask} option will turn the route into a host route.
 108
 109 \subsubsection{Setting up the switch (currently broadcom only)}
 110
 111 The switch configuration is set by adding a \texttt{'switch'} config section.
 112 Example:
 113
 114 \begin{Verbatim}
 115 config switch       "eth0"
 116     option vlan0    "1 2 3 4 5*"
 117     option vlan1    "0 5"
 118 \end{Verbatim}
 119
 120 On Broadcom hardware the section name needs to be eth0, as the switch driver
 121 does not detect the switch on any other physical device.
 122 Every vlan option needs to have the name vlan<n> where <n> is the VLAN number
 123 as used in the switch driver.
 124 As value it takes a list of ports with these optional suffixes:
 125
 126 \begin{itemize}
 127     \item{\texttt{'*'}:}
 128         Set the default VLAN (PVID) of the Port to the current VLAN
 129     \item{\texttt{'u'}:}
 130         Force the port to be untagged
 131     \item{\texttt{'t'}:}
 132         Force the port to be tagged
 133 \end{itemize}
 134
 135 The CPU port defaults to tagged, all other ports to untagged.
 136 On Broadcom hardware the CPU port is always 5. The other ports may vary with
 137 different hardware.
 138
 139 For instance, if you wish to have 3 vlans, like one 3-port switch, 1 port in a
 140 DMZ, and another one as your WAN interface, use the following configuration :
 141
 142 \begin{Verbatim}
 143 config switch       "eth0"
 144     option vlan0    "1 2 3 5*"
 145     option vlan1    "0 5"
 146     option vlan2    "4 5"
 147 \end{Verbatim}
 148
 149 Three interfaces will be automatically created using this switch layout :
 150 \texttt{eth0.0} (vlan0), \texttt{eth0.1} (vlan1) and \texttt{eth0.2} (vlan2).
 151 You can then assign those interfaces to a custom network configuration name
 152 like \texttt{lan}, \texttt{wan} or \texttt{dmz} for instance.
 153
 154 \subsubsection{Setting up IPv6 connectivity}
 155
 156 OpenWrt supports IPv6 connectivity using PPP, Tunnel brokers or static
 157 assignment.
 158
 159 If you use PPP, IPv6 will be setup using IP6CP and there is nothing to
 160 configure.
 161
 162 To setup an IPv6 tunnel to a tunnel broker, you can install the
 163 \texttt{6scripts} package and edit the \texttt{/etc/config/6tunnel}
 164 file and change the settings accordingly :
 165
 166 \begin{Verbatim}
 167 config 6tunnel
 168         option tnlifname     'sixbone'
 169         option remoteip4        '1.0.0.1'
 170         option localip4         '1.0.0.2'
 171         option localip6         '2001::DEAD::BEEF::1'
 172 \end{Verbatim}
 173
 174 \begin{itemize}
 175     \item{\texttt{'tnlifname'}:}
 176         Set the interface name of the IPv6 in IPv4 tunnel
 177     \item{\texttt{'remoteip4'}:}
 178         IP address of the remote end to establish the 6in4 tunnel.
 179         This address is given by the tunnel broker
 180     \item{\texttt{'localip4'}:}
 181         IP address of your router to establish the 6in4 tunnel.
 182         It will usually match your WAN IP address.
 183     \item{\texttt{'localip6'}:}
 184         IPv6 address to setup on your tunnel side
 185         This address is given by the tunnel broker
 186 \end{itemize}
 187
 188 Using the same package you can also setup an IPv6 bridged connection :
 189
 190 \begin{Verbatim}
 191 config 6bridge
 192         option bridge   'br6'
 193 \end{Verbatim}
 194
 195 By default the script bridges the WAN interface with the LAN interface
 196 and uses ebtables to filter anything that is not IPv6 on the bridge.
 197 This configuration is particularly useful if your router is not
 198 IPv6 ND proxy capable (see: http://www.rfc-archive.org/getrfc.php?rfc=4389).
 199
 200
 201 IPv6 static addressing is also supported using a similar setup as
 202 IPv4 but with the \texttt{ip6} prefixing (when applicable).
 203
 204 \begin{Verbatim}
 205 config interface     "lan"
 206     option ifname    "eth0"
 207     option proto     "static"
 208     option ip6addr    "fe80::200:ff:fe00:0/64"
 209     option ip6gw     "2001::DEAF:BEE:1"
 210 \end{Verbatim}