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[openwrt.git] / package / libnl-tiny / src / nl.c
1 /*
2 * lib/nl.c Core Netlink Interface
3 *
4 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
5 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
6 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation version 2.1
7 * of the License.
8 *
9 * Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Thomas Graf <tgraf@suug.ch>
10 */
11
12 /**
13 * @defgroup core Core
14 *
15 * @details
16 * @par 1) Connecting the socket
17 * @code
18 * // Bind and connect the socket to a protocol, NETLINK_ROUTE in this example.
19 * nl_connect(sk, NETLINK_ROUTE);
20 * @endcode
21 *
22 * @par 2) Sending data
23 * @code
24 * // The most rudimentary method is to use nl_sendto() simply pushing
25 * // a piece of data to the other netlink peer. This method is not
26 * // recommended.
27 * const char buf[] = { 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04 };
28 * nl_sendto(sk, buf, sizeof(buf));
29 *
30 * // A more comfortable interface is nl_send() taking a pointer to
31 * // a netlink message.
32 * struct nl_msg *msg = my_msg_builder();
33 * nl_send(sk, nlmsg_hdr(msg));
34 *
35 * // nl_sendmsg() provides additional control over the sendmsg() message
36 * // header in order to allow more specific addressing of multiple peers etc.
37 * struct msghdr hdr = { ... };
38 * nl_sendmsg(sk, nlmsg_hdr(msg), &hdr);
39 *
40 * // You're probably too lazy to fill out the netlink pid, sequence number
41 * // and message flags all the time. nl_send_auto_complete() automatically
42 * // extends your message header as needed with an appropriate sequence
43 * // number, the netlink pid stored in the netlink socket and the message
44 * // flags NLM_F_REQUEST and NLM_F_ACK (if not disabled in the socket)
45 * nl_send_auto_complete(sk, nlmsg_hdr(msg));
46 *
47 * // Simple protocols don't require the complex message construction interface
48 * // and may favour nl_send_simple() to easly send a bunch of payload
49 * // encapsulated in a netlink message header.
50 * nl_send_simple(sk, MY_MSG_TYPE, 0, buf, sizeof(buf));
51 * @endcode
52 *
53 * @par 3) Receiving data
54 * @code
55 * // nl_recv() receives a single message allocating a buffer for the message
56 * // content and gives back the pointer to you.
57 * struct sockaddr_nl peer;
58 * unsigned char *msg;
59 * nl_recv(sk, &peer, &msg);
60 *
61 * // nl_recvmsgs() receives a bunch of messages until the callback system
62 * // orders it to state, usually after receving a compolete multi part
63 * // message series.
64 * nl_recvmsgs(sk, my_callback_configuration);
65 *
66 * // nl_recvmsgs_default() acts just like nl_recvmsg() but uses the callback
67 * // configuration stored in the socket.
68 * nl_recvmsgs_default(sk);
69 *
70 * // In case you want to wait for the ACK to be recieved that you requested
71 * // with your latest message, you can call nl_wait_for_ack()
72 * nl_wait_for_ack(sk);
73 * @endcode
74 *
75 * @par 4) Closing
76 * @code
77 * // Close the socket first to release kernel memory
78 * nl_close(sk);
79 * @endcode
80 *
81 * @{
82 */
83
84 #include <netlink-local.h>
85 #include <netlink/netlink.h>
86 #include <netlink/utils.h>
87 #include <netlink/handlers.h>
88 #include <netlink/msg.h>
89 #include <netlink/attr.h>
90
91 /**
92 * @name Connection Management
93 * @{
94 */
95
96 /**
97 * Create and connect netlink socket.
98 * @arg sk Netlink socket.
99 * @arg protocol Netlink protocol to use.
100 *
101 * Creates a netlink socket using the specified protocol, binds the socket
102 * and issues a connection attempt.
103 *
104 * @return 0 on success or a negative error code.
105 */
106 int nl_connect(struct nl_sock *sk, int protocol)
107 {
108 int err;
109 socklen_t addrlen;
110
111 sk->s_fd = socket(AF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW, protocol);
112 if (sk->s_fd < 0) {
113 err = -nl_syserr2nlerr(errno);
114 goto errout;
115 }
116
117 if (!(sk->s_flags & NL_SOCK_BUFSIZE_SET)) {
118 err = nl_socket_set_buffer_size(sk, 0, 0);
119 if (err < 0)
120 goto errout;
121 }
122
123 err = bind(sk->s_fd, (struct sockaddr*) &sk->s_local,
124 sizeof(sk->s_local));
125 if (err < 0) {
126 err = -nl_syserr2nlerr(errno);
127 goto errout;
128 }
129
130 addrlen = sizeof(sk->s_local);
131 err = getsockname(sk->s_fd, (struct sockaddr *) &sk->s_local,
132 &addrlen);
133 if (err < 0) {
134 err = -nl_syserr2nlerr(errno);
135 goto errout;
136 }
137
138 if (addrlen != sizeof(sk->s_local)) {
139 err = -NLE_NOADDR;
140 goto errout;
141 }
142
143 if (sk->s_local.nl_family != AF_NETLINK) {
144 err = -NLE_AF_NOSUPPORT;
145 goto errout;
146 }
147
148 sk->s_proto = protocol;
149
150 return 0;
151 errout:
152 close(sk->s_fd);
153 sk->s_fd = -1;
154
155 return err;
156 }
157
158 /**
159 * Close/Disconnect netlink socket.
160 * @arg sk Netlink socket.
161 */
162 void nl_close(struct nl_sock *sk)
163 {
164 if (sk->s_fd >= 0) {
165 close(sk->s_fd);
166 sk->s_fd = -1;
167 }
168
169 sk->s_proto = 0;
170 }
171
172 /** @} */
173
174 /**
175 * @name Send
176 * @{
177 */
178
179 /**
180 * Send raw data over netlink socket.
181 * @arg sk Netlink socket.
182 * @arg buf Data buffer.
183 * @arg size Size of data buffer.
184 * @return Number of characters written on success or a negative error code.
185 */
186 int nl_sendto(struct nl_sock *sk, void *buf, size_t size)
187 {
188 int ret;
189
190 ret = sendto(sk->s_fd, buf, size, 0, (struct sockaddr *)
191 &sk->s_peer, sizeof(sk->s_peer));
192 if (ret < 0)
193 return -nl_syserr2nlerr(errno);
194
195 return ret;
196 }
197
198 /**
199 * Send netlink message with control over sendmsg() message header.
200 * @arg sk Netlink socket.
201 * @arg msg Netlink message to be sent.
202 * @arg hdr Sendmsg() message header.
203 * @return Number of characters sent on sucess or a negative error code.
204 */
205 int nl_sendmsg(struct nl_sock *sk, struct nl_msg *msg, struct msghdr *hdr)
206 {
207 struct nl_cb *cb;
208 int ret;
209
210 struct iovec iov = {
211 .iov_base = (void *) nlmsg_hdr(msg),
212 .iov_len = nlmsg_hdr(msg)->nlmsg_len,
213 };
214
215 hdr->msg_iov = &iov;
216 hdr->msg_iovlen = 1;
217
218 nlmsg_set_src(msg, &sk->s_local);
219
220 cb = sk->s_cb;
221 if (cb->cb_set[NL_CB_MSG_OUT])
222 if (nl_cb_call(cb, NL_CB_MSG_OUT, msg) != NL_OK)
223 return 0;
224
225 ret = sendmsg(sk->s_fd, hdr, 0);
226 if (ret < 0)
227 return -nl_syserr2nlerr(errno);
228
229 return ret;
230 }
231
232
233 /**
234 * Send netlink message.
235 * @arg sk Netlink socket.
236 * @arg msg Netlink message to be sent.
237 * @see nl_sendmsg()
238 * @return Number of characters sent on success or a negative error code.
239 */
240 int nl_send(struct nl_sock *sk, struct nl_msg *msg)
241 {
242 struct sockaddr_nl *dst;
243 struct ucred *creds;
244
245 struct msghdr hdr = {
246 .msg_name = (void *) &sk->s_peer,
247 .msg_namelen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_nl),
248 };
249
250 /* Overwrite destination if specified in the message itself, defaults
251 * to the peer address of the socket.
252 */
253 dst = nlmsg_get_dst(msg);
254 if (dst->nl_family == AF_NETLINK)
255 hdr.msg_name = dst;
256
257 /* Add credentials if present. */
258 creds = nlmsg_get_creds(msg);
259 if (creds != NULL) {
260 char buf[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct ucred))];
261 struct cmsghdr *cmsg;
262
263 hdr.msg_control = buf;
264 hdr.msg_controllen = sizeof(buf);
265
266 cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&hdr);
267 cmsg->cmsg_level = SOL_SOCKET;
268 cmsg->cmsg_type = SCM_CREDENTIALS;
269 cmsg->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct ucred));
270 memcpy(CMSG_DATA(cmsg), creds, sizeof(struct ucred));
271 }
272
273 return nl_sendmsg(sk, msg, &hdr);
274 }
275
276 /**
277 * Send netlink message and check & extend header values as needed.
278 * @arg sk Netlink socket.
279 * @arg msg Netlink message to be sent.
280 *
281 * Checks the netlink message \c nlh for completness and extends it
282 * as required before sending it out. Checked fields include pid,
283 * sequence nr, and flags.
284 *
285 * @see nl_send()
286 * @return Number of characters sent or a negative error code.
287 */
288 int nl_send_auto_complete(struct nl_sock *sk, struct nl_msg *msg)
289 {
290 struct nlmsghdr *nlh;
291 struct nl_cb *cb = sk->s_cb;
292
293 nlh = nlmsg_hdr(msg);
294 if (nlh->nlmsg_pid == 0)
295 nlh->nlmsg_pid = sk->s_local.nl_pid;
296
297 if (nlh->nlmsg_seq == 0)
298 nlh->nlmsg_seq = sk->s_seq_next++;
299
300 if (msg->nm_protocol == -1)
301 msg->nm_protocol = sk->s_proto;
302
303 nlh->nlmsg_flags |= NLM_F_REQUEST;
304
305 if (!(sk->s_flags & NL_NO_AUTO_ACK))
306 nlh->nlmsg_flags |= NLM_F_ACK;
307
308 if (cb->cb_send_ow)
309 return cb->cb_send_ow(sk, msg);
310 else
311 return nl_send(sk, msg);
312 }
313
314 /**
315 * Send simple netlink message using nl_send_auto_complete()
316 * @arg sk Netlink socket.
317 * @arg type Netlink message type.
318 * @arg flags Netlink message flags.
319 * @arg buf Data buffer.
320 * @arg size Size of data buffer.
321 *
322 * Builds a netlink message with the specified type and flags and
323 * appends the specified data as payload to the message.
324 *
325 * @see nl_send_auto_complete()
326 * @return Number of characters sent on success or a negative error code.
327 */
328 int nl_send_simple(struct nl_sock *sk, int type, int flags, void *buf,
329 size_t size)
330 {
331 int err;
332 struct nl_msg *msg;
333
334 msg = nlmsg_alloc_simple(type, flags);
335 if (!msg)
336 return -NLE_NOMEM;
337
338 if (buf && size) {
339 err = nlmsg_append(msg, buf, size, NLMSG_ALIGNTO);
340 if (err < 0)
341 goto errout;
342 }
343
344
345 err = nl_send_auto_complete(sk, msg);
346 errout:
347 nlmsg_free(msg);
348
349 return err;
350 }
351
352 /** @} */
353
354 /**
355 * @name Receive
356 * @{
357 */
358
359 /**
360 * Receive data from netlink socket
361 * @arg sk Netlink socket.
362 * @arg nla Destination pointer for peer's netlink address.
363 * @arg buf Destination pointer for message content.
364 * @arg creds Destination pointer for credentials.
365 *
366 * Receives a netlink message, allocates a buffer in \c *buf and
367 * stores the message content. The peer's netlink address is stored
368 * in \c *nla. The caller is responsible for freeing the buffer allocated
369 * in \c *buf if a positive value is returned. Interruped system calls
370 * are handled by repeating the read. The input buffer size is determined
371 * by peeking before the actual read is done.
372 *
373 * A non-blocking sockets causes the function to return immediately with
374 * a return value of 0 if no data is available.
375 *
376 * @return Number of octets read, 0 on EOF or a negative error code.
377 */
378 int nl_recv(struct nl_sock *sk, struct sockaddr_nl *nla,
379 unsigned char **buf, struct ucred **creds)
380 {
381 int n;
382 int flags = 0;
383 static int page_size = 0;
384 struct iovec iov;
385 struct msghdr msg = {
386 .msg_name = (void *) nla,
387 .msg_namelen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_nl),
388 .msg_iov = &iov,
389 .msg_iovlen = 1,
390 .msg_control = NULL,
391 .msg_controllen = 0,
392 .msg_flags = 0,
393 };
394 struct cmsghdr *cmsg;
395
396 if (sk->s_flags & NL_MSG_PEEK)
397 flags |= MSG_PEEK;
398
399 if (page_size == 0)
400 page_size = getpagesize();
401
402 iov.iov_len = page_size;
403 iov.iov_base = *buf = malloc(iov.iov_len);
404
405 if (sk->s_flags & NL_SOCK_PASSCRED) {
406 msg.msg_controllen = CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct ucred));
407 msg.msg_control = calloc(1, msg.msg_controllen);
408 }
409 retry:
410
411 n = recvmsg(sk->s_fd, &msg, flags);
412 if (!n)
413 goto abort;
414 else if (n < 0) {
415 if (errno == EINTR) {
416 NL_DBG(3, "recvmsg() returned EINTR, retrying\n");
417 goto retry;
418 } else if (errno == EAGAIN) {
419 NL_DBG(3, "recvmsg() returned EAGAIN, aborting\n");
420 goto abort;
421 } else {
422 free(msg.msg_control);
423 free(*buf);
424 return -nl_syserr2nlerr(errno);
425 }
426 }
427
428 if (iov.iov_len < n ||
429 msg.msg_flags & MSG_TRUNC) {
430 /* Provided buffer is not long enough, enlarge it
431 * and try again. */
432 iov.iov_len *= 2;
433 iov.iov_base = *buf = realloc(*buf, iov.iov_len);
434 goto retry;
435 } else if (msg.msg_flags & MSG_CTRUNC) {
436 msg.msg_controllen *= 2;
437 msg.msg_control = realloc(msg.msg_control, msg.msg_controllen);
438 goto retry;
439 } else if (flags != 0) {
440 /* Buffer is big enough, do the actual reading */
441 flags = 0;
442 goto retry;
443 }
444
445 if (msg.msg_namelen != sizeof(struct sockaddr_nl)) {
446 free(msg.msg_control);
447 free(*buf);
448 return -NLE_NOADDR;
449 }
450
451 for (cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg); cmsg; cmsg = CMSG_NXTHDR(&msg, cmsg)) {
452 if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET &&
453 cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_CREDENTIALS) {
454 *creds = calloc(1, sizeof(struct ucred));
455 memcpy(*creds, CMSG_DATA(cmsg), sizeof(struct ucred));
456 break;
457 }
458 }
459
460 free(msg.msg_control);
461 return n;
462
463 abort:
464 free(msg.msg_control);
465 free(*buf);
466 return 0;
467 }
468
469 #define NL_CB_CALL(cb, type, msg) \
470 do { \
471 err = nl_cb_call(cb, type, msg); \
472 switch (err) { \
473 case NL_OK: \
474 err = 0; \
475 break; \
476 case NL_SKIP: \
477 goto skip; \
478 case NL_STOP: \
479 goto stop; \
480 default: \
481 goto out; \
482 } \
483 } while (0)
484
485 static int recvmsgs(struct nl_sock *sk, struct nl_cb *cb)
486 {
487 int n, err = 0, multipart = 0;
488 unsigned char *buf = NULL;
489 struct nlmsghdr *hdr;
490 struct sockaddr_nl nla = {0};
491 struct nl_msg *msg = NULL;
492 struct ucred *creds = NULL;
493
494 continue_reading:
495 NL_DBG(3, "Attempting to read from %p\n", sk);
496 if (cb->cb_recv_ow)
497 n = cb->cb_recv_ow(sk, &nla, &buf, &creds);
498 else
499 n = nl_recv(sk, &nla, &buf, &creds);
500
501 if (n <= 0)
502 return n;
503
504 NL_DBG(3, "recvmsgs(%p): Read %d bytes\n", sk, n);
505
506 hdr = (struct nlmsghdr *) buf;
507 while (nlmsg_ok(hdr, n)) {
508 NL_DBG(3, "recgmsgs(%p): Processing valid message...\n", sk);
509
510 nlmsg_free(msg);
511 msg = nlmsg_convert(hdr);
512 if (!msg) {
513 err = -NLE_NOMEM;
514 goto out;
515 }
516
517 nlmsg_set_proto(msg, sk->s_proto);
518 nlmsg_set_src(msg, &nla);
519 if (creds)
520 nlmsg_set_creds(msg, creds);
521
522 /* Raw callback is the first, it gives the most control
523 * to the user and he can do his very own parsing. */
524 if (cb->cb_set[NL_CB_MSG_IN])
525 NL_CB_CALL(cb, NL_CB_MSG_IN, msg);
526
527 /* Sequence number checking. The check may be done by
528 * the user, otherwise a very simple check is applied
529 * enforcing strict ordering */
530 if (cb->cb_set[NL_CB_SEQ_CHECK])
531 NL_CB_CALL(cb, NL_CB_SEQ_CHECK, msg);
532 else if (hdr->nlmsg_seq != sk->s_seq_expect) {
533 if (cb->cb_set[NL_CB_INVALID])
534 NL_CB_CALL(cb, NL_CB_INVALID, msg);
535 else {
536 err = -NLE_SEQ_MISMATCH;
537 goto out;
538 }
539 }
540
541 if (hdr->nlmsg_type == NLMSG_DONE ||
542 hdr->nlmsg_type == NLMSG_ERROR ||
543 hdr->nlmsg_type == NLMSG_NOOP ||
544 hdr->nlmsg_type == NLMSG_OVERRUN) {
545 /* We can't check for !NLM_F_MULTI since some netlink
546 * users in the kernel are broken. */
547 sk->s_seq_expect++;
548 NL_DBG(3, "recvmsgs(%p): Increased expected " \
549 "sequence number to %d\n",
550 sk, sk->s_seq_expect);
551 }
552
553 if (hdr->nlmsg_flags & NLM_F_MULTI)
554 multipart = 1;
555
556 /* Other side wishes to see an ack for this message */
557 if (hdr->nlmsg_flags & NLM_F_ACK) {
558 if (cb->cb_set[NL_CB_SEND_ACK])
559 NL_CB_CALL(cb, NL_CB_SEND_ACK, msg);
560 else {
561 /* FIXME: implement */
562 }
563 }
564
565 /* messages terminates a multpart message, this is
566 * usually the end of a message and therefore we slip
567 * out of the loop by default. the user may overrule
568 * this action by skipping this packet. */
569 if (hdr->nlmsg_type == NLMSG_DONE) {
570 multipart = 0;
571 if (cb->cb_set[NL_CB_FINISH])
572 NL_CB_CALL(cb, NL_CB_FINISH, msg);
573 }
574
575 /* Message to be ignored, the default action is to
576 * skip this message if no callback is specified. The
577 * user may overrule this action by returning
578 * NL_PROCEED. */
579 else if (hdr->nlmsg_type == NLMSG_NOOP) {
580 if (cb->cb_set[NL_CB_SKIPPED])
581 NL_CB_CALL(cb, NL_CB_SKIPPED, msg);
582 else
583 goto skip;
584 }
585
586 /* Data got lost, report back to user. The default action is to
587 * quit parsing. The user may overrule this action by retuning
588 * NL_SKIP or NL_PROCEED (dangerous) */
589 else if (hdr->nlmsg_type == NLMSG_OVERRUN) {
590 if (cb->cb_set[NL_CB_OVERRUN])
591 NL_CB_CALL(cb, NL_CB_OVERRUN, msg);
592 else {
593 err = -NLE_MSG_OVERFLOW;
594 goto out;
595 }
596 }
597
598 /* Message carries a nlmsgerr */
599 else if (hdr->nlmsg_type == NLMSG_ERROR) {
600 struct nlmsgerr *e = nlmsg_data(hdr);
601
602 if (hdr->nlmsg_len < nlmsg_msg_size(sizeof(*e))) {
603 /* Truncated error message, the default action
604 * is to stop parsing. The user may overrule
605 * this action by returning NL_SKIP or
606 * NL_PROCEED (dangerous) */
607 if (cb->cb_set[NL_CB_INVALID])
608 NL_CB_CALL(cb, NL_CB_INVALID, msg);
609 else {
610 err = -NLE_MSG_TRUNC;
611 goto out;
612 }
613 } else if (e->error) {
614 /* Error message reported back from kernel. */
615 if (cb->cb_err) {
616 err = cb->cb_err(&nla, e,
617 cb->cb_err_arg);
618 if (err < 0)
619 goto out;
620 else if (err == NL_SKIP)
621 goto skip;
622 else if (err == NL_STOP) {
623 err = -nl_syserr2nlerr(e->error);
624 goto out;
625 }
626 } else {
627 err = -nl_syserr2nlerr(e->error);
628 goto out;
629 }
630 } else if (cb->cb_set[NL_CB_ACK])
631 NL_CB_CALL(cb, NL_CB_ACK, msg);
632 } else {
633 /* Valid message (not checking for MULTIPART bit to
634 * get along with broken kernels. NL_SKIP has no
635 * effect on this. */
636 if (cb->cb_set[NL_CB_VALID])
637 NL_CB_CALL(cb, NL_CB_VALID, msg);
638 }
639 skip:
640 err = 0;
641 hdr = nlmsg_next(hdr, &n);
642 }
643
644 nlmsg_free(msg);
645 free(buf);
646 free(creds);
647 buf = NULL;
648 msg = NULL;
649 creds = NULL;
650
651 if (multipart) {
652 /* Multipart message not yet complete, continue reading */
653 goto continue_reading;
654 }
655 stop:
656 err = 0;
657 out:
658 nlmsg_free(msg);
659 free(buf);
660 free(creds);
661
662 return err;
663 }
664
665 /**
666 * Receive a set of messages from a netlink socket.
667 * @arg sk Netlink socket.
668 * @arg cb set of callbacks to control behaviour.
669 *
670 * Repeatedly calls nl_recv() or the respective replacement if provided
671 * by the application (see nl_cb_overwrite_recv()) and parses the
672 * received data as netlink messages. Stops reading if one of the
673 * callbacks returns NL_STOP or nl_recv returns either 0 or a negative error code.
674 *
675 * A non-blocking sockets causes the function to return immediately if
676 * no data is available.
677 *
678 * @return 0 on success or a negative error code from nl_recv().
679 */
680 int nl_recvmsgs(struct nl_sock *sk, struct nl_cb *cb)
681 {
682 if (cb->cb_recvmsgs_ow)
683 return cb->cb_recvmsgs_ow(sk, cb);
684 else
685 return recvmsgs(sk, cb);
686 }
687
688
689 static int ack_wait_handler(struct nl_msg *msg, void *arg)
690 {
691 return NL_STOP;
692 }
693
694 /**
695 * Wait for ACK.
696 * @arg sk Netlink socket.
697 * @pre The netlink socket must be in blocking state.
698 *
699 * Waits until an ACK is received for the latest not yet acknowledged
700 * netlink message.
701 */
702 int nl_wait_for_ack(struct nl_sock *sk)
703 {
704 int err;
705 struct nl_cb *cb;
706
707 cb = nl_cb_clone(sk->s_cb);
708 if (cb == NULL)
709 return -NLE_NOMEM;
710
711 nl_cb_set(cb, NL_CB_ACK, NL_CB_CUSTOM, ack_wait_handler, NULL);
712 err = nl_recvmsgs(sk, cb);
713 nl_cb_put(cb);
714
715 return err;
716 }
717
718 /** @} */
719
720 /** @} */
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